Intravenous ferric carboxymaltose for anaemia in pregnancy

Background: Anaemia in pregnancy is associated with unfavourable consequences both for the mother and the fetus and is a major cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity.Methods: The study was conducted over a period of one year in which 100 pregnant females who met the inclusion criteria were administered ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) preparation.Results: There was significant rise in mean haemoglobin and serum ferritin after transfusion of ferric maltose in the patients with very less adverse effects.Conclusions: FCM, because of its high efficacy and safety can revolutionize the management of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) in pregnancy.

Perinatal outcome associated with oligohydramnios at term

Background: Oligohydramnios is a severe and common complication of pregnancy and its incidence is reported to be around 1 to 5% of total pregnancies. The aim of this study was to perinatal outcome of oligohydramnios (AFI <5) at term.Methods: A prospective study was conducted in which 200 patients at term with oligohydramnios AFI <5 cm with intact membranes were analyzed for perinatal outcome.Results: There were increased chances of FHR decelerations, thick meconium, increased LSCS, low Apgar score at 5 minutes, birth weight <2.5 kg, admission to NICU in pregnancy with oligohydramnios.Conclusions: An amniotic fluid index (AFI) of <5 cm detected after 37 completed weeks of gestation is an indicator of poor perinatal outcome. Determination of AFI can be used as an adjunct to other fetal surveillance methods that helps to identify those infants at risk of poor perinatal outcome.

Stitch less, clip less, three ports laparoscopic cholecystectomy: experience of 300 cases

Background: 300 cases of cholelithiasis were operated by stitch less, clip less, three ports laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Maxx lyfe Hospital, near Bathindi morh, Sunjwan road, Jammu with effect from August 2017 to May 2019. The outcome measures in the form of safety of the technique, postoperative pain, need of postoperative analgesia, number of OT assistants needed, duration of hospital stay, recovery and return to routine work, cosmetic satisfaction of the patient were taken into consideration and were found to be better than in conventional four ports technique of laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods: In three port laparoscopic cholecystectomy, first 10 mm umbilical, second 5 mm subxyphoid and third 5 mm subcostal ports are used and telescope is passed into the peritoneal cavity through the umbilical port. Retraction of the gallbladder is done by the long grasping forceps through the 5 mm subcostal port, whereas dissection is accomplished through the subxyphoid port. The gallbladder is retrieved through the subxyphoid port.Results: Mean operative time was 40 minutes and mean duration of postoperative stay in the hospital was 18 hours. Days to return to normal activity was 4 days at an average.Conclusions: The 3-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy  technique is safe and has better outcomes in the form of less postoperative pain, less duration of hospital stay, early return to routine work and more cosmetic satisfaction as compared to the conventional 4-port technique, with no obvious increase in bile duct injuries and it can be a viable alternative in the field of minimally invasive surgery.

Trans umbilical first trocar access during laparoscopic surgery

Background: In order to perform laparoscopic procedures, it is necessary to first access the peritoneal cavity and establish carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum. The placement of the first trocar remains a critical step in laparoscopic surgery. In order to minimize complications associated with placement of first trocar, several techniques have been reported. Author describe a surgical technique that provides a quick, safe, and reliable initial access to the peritoneal cavity with its excellent functional and cosmetic results.Methods: Retrospective study of patients who underwent various laparoscopic procedures at Maxx lyfe Hospital, Bathindi, Jammu was carried out by the closed technique for initial access to the peritoneal cavity through the umbilicus from July 2016 to May 2019. In this study, patients who had a prior midline laparotomy with involvement of the umbilicus were excluded.Results: Authors analyzed 456 patients (M = 190; F = 266) in the study period. Average age of the patients was 32 years (range:12-86). A physiologic defect was identified in the umbilical region in all patients who had no history of previous abdominal surgery in that region. The average time to access the peritoneal cavity was 30 seconds (range: 20-50).Conclusions: This technique is quick, safe, reliable, simple, and easy to learn and easy to perform. It is associated with no mortality and minimal morbidity and has excellent cosmetic results. Based on authors experience, authors believe that this method provides surgeons with an effective and safe way to insert the first trocar and recommend it as a routine procedure to access the peritoneal cavity for abdominal laparoscopic surgery.

A Review of 60 Salivary Gland Tumours in the Head and Neck Region: A Tertiary Institution Study

Introduction: The salivary gland consist of three major pairedgland (parotid, submandibular and sublingual) and numerousminor salivary gland. Neoplasm of the salivary gland aredivided into benign and malignant. Benign neoplasm of thesalivary gland are more common. Both sexes are involvedwith a female preponderance. Parotid gland is the mostcommon gland involved. Current research aimed to study thedifferent types of salivary gland neoplasm regarding age, sexand clinicopathological distribution.Material and methods: Data for this study was obtainedfrom retrospective case notes of all patients with salivarygland tumour operated at the department of otolaryngologyand head and neck surgery, Assam medical college from June2012 to June 2015.Results: There were 60 patients included in the study. 25 weremales (41.66%) and 35 were females (58.33%). Most commonneoplasm was benign (88.33%). Most common benign andmalignant tumour were pleomorphic adenoma (76.66%) andacinic cell carcinoma (5%) respectively. Parotid was mostcommonly involved gland followed by submandibular gland.Conclusion: Parotid gland is the most common glandinvolved in salivary gland tumour. The most commonpresentation of salivary gland tumour is painless swellingaround the salivary gland. The mainstay of diagnosis ishistopathological examination. Pleomorphic adenoma andAcinic cell carcinoma were the most common benign andmalignant lesion respectively in this series.

Comparison of Total Flavonoid, Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Capacity in Leaf and Seed Extracts from White Holy Basil (Ocimum sanctum).

Ocimum sanctum, commonly known as the white holy basil herb belonging to Lamiaceae family is one of the oldest and popular medicinal plant rich in various phytonutrients and antioxidants. In this study, the comparative evaluation of flavonoids, phenolic content, and antioxidant capacity was carried out in methanolic extract prepared from O. sanctum leaves and seeds. The TAC, TPC, and the TFC were measured by ammonium molybdate, Folin-Ciocalteau and aluminum chloride method respectively. Antioxidant activity was also determined by using DPPH and FRAP assay. In response to the above assays, TACs of O. sanctum leaf and seed extracts were 25-248 and 0.011-0.109 μg AAE/10 mg of extract respectively. The TFC assay showed that leaf extract of O. sanctum (14- 225 μg QE/10mg extract) had higher flavonoid content than the seed extract (0.009-0.119 μg QE/10 mg extract) and the TPC assay in the leaf extract (4.49-9.31 μg GAE/mg extract) was higher than those present in seed (4.10-9.05 μg GAE/mg extract). In DPPH assay, % inhibition in O. sanctum leaf extract was determined in the range 18-76% while in seed extract it was 6-29% and in FRAP assay, leaf extract displayed reducing power in range 0.48- 5.50 μg FSE /mg extract while in seed extract it was 0.16-5.46 μg FSE /mg extract. It was observed that O. sanctum leaf extract had high total phenolic and flavonoid content in addition to antioxidant capacity as compared to its seed extract. Abbreviations: TAC: Total Antioxidant Capacity TPC: Total Phenolic Content TFC: Total Flavonoid Content DPPH: 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl FRAP: Ferric Reducing/Antioxidant Power

Unusual yet isolated oral manifestations of persistent thrombocytopenia: a rare case report

Patients with platelet-mediated disorders often present clinical manifestations of bruising and bleeding. Although these changes are detected most frequently on the skin, the oral cavity also may exhibit signs of bleeding. In this report, we describe a patient who presented isolated oral features of hemorrhagic bullae with bleeding, indicative of a bleeding disorder. Results of laboratory tests revealed severe thrombocytopenia and a careful history disclosed dengue fever as the cause. The importance of recognizing the oral manifestations of thrombocytopenia is highlighted here, since the oral cavity is a frequent site of hemorrhage and could be the only manifestation of the disease.